The health crisis among South Sudanese refugees in Ethiopia is becoming increasingly alarming, with rising cholera cases and widespread malnutrition reported in overcrowded camps near the border. Doctors Without Borders (MSF), a humanitarian organization recognized for its commitment to providing aid in crisis situations, has issued a stark warning about the potential for a “health catastrophe” in the region.

In a statement released on Friday, MSF indicated that local health facilities are overwhelmed and struggling to meet the needs of tens of thousands of new arrivals from South Sudan. The organization highlighted that the increase in waterborne illnesses, particularly cholera and acute watery diarrhea, poses an imminent threat to public health. The humanitarian crisis stems from a resurgence of violence in South Sudan, where a fragile power-sharing agreement has unraveled.

Clashes between forces loyal to President Salva Kiir and those aligned with First Vice President Riek Machar have intensified, prompting a mass exodus of civilians. Reports indicate that Machar has faced restrictions on his movement, further complicating the peace process. Currently, MSF estimates that between 35,000 and 85,000 refugees have sought safety in Mattar, an Ethiopian border town.

MSF has treated over 1,200 cholera patients, confronting a disease that can prove fatal in up to 20 percent of untreated cases. Additionally, the organization has reported that more than 40 percent of malaria tests conducted have returned positive results, while nearly 7 percent of children under five are suffering from severe acute malnutrition.

The humanitarian situation in the region has been characterized as dire. Since February, MSF clinics have received over 200 war-injured individuals, emphasizing the urgent need for medical assistance and basic resources. MSF has called on all parties involved in the conflict to facilitate humanitarian access and urged international donors to increase their support, noting severe deficiencies in shelter, water, and medical care in Mattar.

United Nations officials have echoed these concerns, warning of rapidly deteriorating conditions in South Sudan and the risk of a broader crisis. UN Human Rights Chief Volker Turk has urged all parties to immediately de-escalate hostilities, as recent reports indicate that fighting between factions resulted in significant civilian casualties and direct attacks on healthcare facilities, including those operated by MSF.

As the crisis continues to evolve, the international community is urged to remain vigilant and responsive, ensuring that those affected receive the urgent support they require. The needs in the region are critical, and timely intervention is essential to prevent further health implications for the vulnerable refugee population.

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